Temporal characterization of the requests to Wikipedia

This paper presents an empirical study about the temporal patterns characterizing the requests submitted by users to Wikipedia. The study is based on the analysis of the log lines registered by the Wikimedia Foundation Squid servers after having sent the appropriate content in response to users' requests. The analysis has been conducted regarding the ten most visited editions of Wikipedia and has involved more than 14,000 million log lines corresponding to the traffic of the entire year 2009. The conducted methodology has mainly consisted in the parsing and filtering of users' requests according to the study directives. As a result, relevant information fields have been finally stored in a database for persistence and further characterization. In this way, we, first, assessed, whether the traffic to Wikipedia could serve as a reliable estimator of the overall traffic to all the Wikimedia Foundation projects. Our subsequent analysis of the temporal evolutions corresponding to the different types of requests to Wikipedia revealed interesting differences and similarities among them that can be related to the users' attention to the Encyclopedia. In addition, we have performed separated characterizations of each Wikipedia edition to compare their respective evolutions over time

A quantitative examination of the impact of featured articles in Wikipedia

This paper presents a quantitative examination of the impact of the presentation of featured articles as quality content in the main page of several Wikipedia editions. Moreover, the paper also presents the analysis performed to determine the number of visits received by the articles promoted to the featured status. We have analyzed the visits not only in the month when articles awarded the promotion or were included in the main page, but also in the previous and following ones. The main aim for this is to assess the attention attracted by the featured content and the different dynamics exhibited by each community of users in respect to the promotion process. The main results of this paper are twofold: it shows how to extract relevant information related to the use of Wikipedia, which is an emerging research topic, and it analyzes whether the featured articles mechanism achieve to attract more attention

Characterization of the Wikipedia Traffic

Since its inception, Wikipedia has grown to a solid and stable project and turned into a mass collaboration tool that allows the sharing and distribution of knowledge. The wiki approach that basis this initiative promotes the participation and collaboration of users. In addition to visits for browsing its contents, Wikipedia also receives the contributions of users to improve them. In the past, researchers paid attention to different aspects concerning authoring and quality of contents. However, little effort has been made to study the nature of the visits that Wikipedia receives. We conduct such an study using a sample of users' requests provided by the Wikimedia Foundation in the form of Squid log lines. Our sample contains more that 14,000 million requests from users all around the world and directed to all the projects maintained by the Wikimedia Foundation, including different editions of Wikipedia. This papers describes the work made to characterize the traffic directed to Wikipedia and consisting of the requests sent by its users. Our main aim is to obtain a detailed description of its composition in terms of the percentages corresponding to the different types of requests making part of it. The benefits from our work may range from the prediction of traffic peaks to the determination of the kind of resources most often requested, which can be useful for scalability considerations

Culto y culturas en la cueva de Gorham (Gibraltar): La historia del santuario y sus materiales inscritos

This paper presents an updated overview of the ongoing archaeological research carried out in the Protohistoric sanctuary of Gorham’s Cave (Gibraltar). It is based on the results of recent excavations, focusing on incised pottery with inscriptions or other marks. The catalogue of inscriptions includes both Phoenician and Graeco-Iberian examples, which could be related with the deposition of votive offerings from Archaic to Hellenistic periods.El artículo presenta un nuevo estado de la cuestión arqueológico sobre el santuario protohistórico de la Cueva de Gorham (Gibraltar) a la luz de los resultados de las recientes campañas de excavación y estudia los materiales cerámicos con inscripciones u otro tipo de marcas hallados en la cueva. El catálogo incluye un nuevo grafito fenicio y una inscripción greco-ibérica que se relacionan con las ofrendas depositadas en el lugar desde época arcaica hasta el periodo helenístico

A cohort of patients with COVID-19 in a major teaching hospital in Europe

Artículo escrito por un elevado número de autores, solo se referencian el que aparece en primer lugar, el nombre del grupo de colaboración, si le hubiere, y los autores pertenecientes a la UAMArtículo escrito en nombre del COVID@HULP Working GroupSince the confirmation of the first patient infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Spain in January 2020, the epidemic has grown rapidly, with the greatest impact on the region of Madrid. This article describes the first 2226 adult patients with COVID-19, consecutively admitted to La Paz University Hospital in Madrid. Methods: Our cohort included all patients consecutively hospitalized who had a final outcome (death or discharge) in a 1286-bed hospital of Madrid (Spain) from 25 February (first case admitted) to 19 April 2020. The data were manually entered into an electronic case report form, which was monitored prior to the analysis. Results: We consecutively included 2226 adult patients admitted to the hospital who either died (460) or were discharged (1766). The patients’ median age was 61 years, and 51.8% were women. The most common comorbidity was arterial hypertension (41.3%), and the most common symptom on admission was fever (71.2%). The median time from disease onset to hospital admission was 6 days. The overall mortality was 20.7% and was higher in men (26.6% vs. 15.1%). Seventy-five patients with a final outcome were transferred to the intensive care unit (ICU) (3.4%). Most patients admitted to the ICU were men, and the median age was 64 years. Baseline laboratory values on admission were consistent with an impaired immune-inflammatory profile. Conclusions: We provide a description of the first large cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Europe. Advanced age, male sex, the presence of comorbidities and abnormal laboratory values were more common among the patients with fatal outcome

Tumor targeted 4-1BB agonist antibody-albumin fusions with high affinity to FcRn induce anti-tumor immunity without toxicity

17 p.-4 fig.-1 tab.-1 grph. abst.Costimulation of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes by anti-4-1BB monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has shown anti-tumor activity in human trials, but can be associated with significant off-tumor toxicities involving FcγR interactions. Here, we introduce albumin-fused mouse and human bispecific antibodies with clinically favorable pharmacokinetics designed to confine 4-1BB costimulation to the tumor microenvironment. These Fc-free 4-1BB agonists consist of an EGFR-specific VHH antibody, a 4-1BB-specific scFv, and a human albumin sequence engineered for high FcRn binding connected in tandem (LiTCo-Albu). We demonstrate in vitro cognate target engagement, EGFR-specific costimulatory activity, and FcRn-driven cellular recycling similar to non-fused FcRn high-binding albumin. The mouse LiTCo-Albu exhibited a prolonged circulatory half-life and in vivo tumor inhibition, with no indication of 4-1BB mAb-associated toxicity. Furthermore, we show a greater therapeutic effect when used in combination with PD-1-blocking mAbs. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of tumor-specific LiTCo-Albu antibodies for safe and effective costimulatory strategies in cancer immunotherapy.Financial support for this work was obtained from the MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (SAF2017-89437-P and PDC2021-121711-100 to LA-V, PID2019-104544GB-I00 to CA, and PID2020-113225GB-I00 to FJB), partially supported by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF); the Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII) (PI19/00132 to LS; PI20/01030 to BB), partially supported by the ERDF; the ISCIII-RICORS within the Next Generation EU program (plan de Recuperación, Transformación y Resilencia); the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC 19084 to LA-V); the CRIS Cancer Foundation (FCRIS-2018-0042 and FCRIS-2021-0090 to LA-V), the BBVA Foundation (Ayudas Fundación BBVA a Equipos de Investigación Científica SARS-CoV-2 years COVID-19 to LA-V); and the Fundació “La Caixa” (HR21-00761 project IL7R_LungCan to LA-V). AD, OAM, and KAH were funded by the Novo Nordisk Foundation, Grant; CEMBID (Center for Multifunctional Biomolecular Drug Design, Grant Number: NNF17OC0028070). OH was supported by an industrial PhD fellowship from the Comunidad de Madrid (IND2020/BMD-17668). AE-L was supported industrial PhD fellowship from the Carlos III Health Institute (IFI18/00045). CD-A was supported by a predoctoral fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Science Innovation and Universities (PRE2018-083445). LR-P was supported by a predoctoral fellowship from the Immunology Chair, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria/Merck. LD-A was supported by a Rio Hortega fellowship from the Carlos III Health Institute (CM20/00004).Peer reviewe

Análisis cuantitativo para la evaluación de competencias transversales en wikis

El proceso de Bolonia, materializado en el Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES), ha supuesto la incorporación de nuevas capacidades y destrezas a los itinerarios educativos universitarios. Así, las directivas que emanan este proceso promueven, además de una mayor involucración de los estudiantes en su propio proceso formativo, el desarrollo de competencias transversales relacionadas con el trabajo en equipo, el análisis crítico, y la defensa y divulgación de ideas entre otras. En este contexto, las herramientas Web 2.0 en general, y las plataformas wiki en particular, se han revelado como eficaces instrumentos para el desarrollo de actividades académicas basadas en el enfoque colaborativo. En este trabajo, se presentan dos experiencias basadas en el empleo de wikis, incluida la propia Wikipedia, cada una con una herramienta de análisis con el objetivo de discriminar patrones y perfiles de participación por parte de los estudiantes. En concreto, nuestro estudio tiene como objetivo presentar diversos indicadores cuantitativos que pueden obtenerse de manera automática a partir de actividades realizadas sobre wikis, así como discutir su utilidad para el seguimiento y evaluación de las tareas.The Bologna Process, which has led to the foundation of the European Higher Education Area, has brought the inclusion of new capacities and skills in Higher education curricula. The main directives given by this process promote, in addition to a higher participation of students in their own learning process, the development of generic competencies related to teamwork, critical analysis and the dissemination and discussion of ideas among others. In such a context, Web 2.0 tools, generally, and wiki platforms particularly, have proven to be suitable mechanisms to support academic experiences based in collaborative approaches, especially for the Bologna foundational principles. In this paper, we presenttwo different initiatives including the use of wiki platforms, including the Wikipedia, each one using a different analytical tool with the aim of finding different students’ profiles and patterns of participation. The objective of this study is to show a number of quantitative indicators that can be automatically obtained from activities developed on wiki platforms and to discuss their utility in the monitoring and assessment of tasks.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Estado del arte de la implantación y uso de plataformas wiki en universidades europeas

La utilización de plataformas wiki en entornos universitarios ha aumentado en los últimos añois y. en especial, tras el Proceso de Bolonia que han impulsado los países miembros del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES). Estas plataformas, además de ofrecer interesantes posibilidades académicas, se caracterizan por su facilidad de uso y despliegue así como por su idoneidad para servir de soporte al desarrollo de actividades cooperativas y colaborativas. Por todo ello, existen numerosas iniciativas dirigidas a promover la implantación de wikis en las universidades y centros de investigación. Dado que su uso, implementación y posibilidades pueden variar considerablemente, este estudio pretende analizar las características más relevantes de varias plataformas wikis ofrecidas desde otras universidades. Con ello se espera ofrecer una perspectiva detallada de la incorporación de las plataformas wiki como herramienta didáctica en la docencia universitaria.SUMMARY -- In the last few years, the use of wiki platforms in university environments has increased, especially after the Bologna process promoted by the European High Education Area (EHEA). Wiki platforms not only offer a wide rage of academic possibilities but also ease of use and deployment, as well as the ideal background for co-operative and collaborative developments. For these reasons, the EHEA currentley supports many initiatives for implementing wikis in universities and research institutions. Considering that different wiki implementations can substantally vary in respect to their use and purpose, this study is devoted to present the main features of several wiki portals hosted in European univeersities. The purpose is to provide a detailed perpective of the incorporation of wikis as didactic tools in university teaching.Peer Reviewe

An Unpublished Cartography of Granada (Spain) From the Beginning of the XXTH Century: Bases for its data integration in a GIS

Currently, the analysis, planning and management of cities and territories use some tools - nowadays nearly unavoidable - that are experiencing an extraordinary development in the last decades. All these tools are related to the Geographic Information Technology (GIT). With GIT we are talking about the Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI).Recent studies carried out about historical cartography are demonstrating that they are not beyond this trend. Many are the advantages on the use of these tools: the georeferencing of the information contained, the variety of geospatial analysis permitted, and above all, the dissemination which this information can experience through the SDI. These, are precisely the tools we want to use in the unpublished historical cartography of Granada. Nevertheless, this study is also concerned on proposing a methodology that will meet the former objectives. And will also take into account previous experiences on similar studies done on historical cartographies.The aim of this study is to set the bases of a future Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI), based on the Population Map of Granada, created at the beginning of the XXth century. This way, this cartography will be completed with an uncountable number of variables such as: urban, cultural, economic, socio-demographic variables, etc. All of which can be georeferenced, fact that will definitely help to have a bigger knowledge of the city at that time. This will be achieved by structuring, visualizing, publishing and sharing all the data of that time through this new information tools.This work arises from a research that took place in SMlab UGR (Survey and Modelling Lab of Architectural Heritage), based in the Superior Technical School of Architecture, University of Granada.DOI: https://doi.org/10.20365/disegnarecon.22.2019.7 </p